Microsoft word - deh 1802 dental hygiene ii.doc

Broward Community College
Course Outline
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ STATUS: ACTIVE
COMMON COURSE NUMBER: DEH 1802 ___
COURSE TITLE: Dental Hygiene II
CREDIT HOURS:
CONTACT HOURS BREAKDOWN:
Lecture/Discussion 64
Contact Hours/Week 4
CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION: A course designed to provide further knowledge in the
application of dental hygiene procedures. Instrument sharpening, dental hygiene treatment
planning, ultrasonic scaling, periodontal charting, and public health dentistry are introduced.
Prerequisite: BSC 1086, DEH 1003, DEH 1003L
UNIT TITLES:

LAST REVIEW Academic Year 2001-2002 NEXT REVIEW Academic Year 2006-07
Interim Revision Dates:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to: 1.0 Recognize the etiology, clinical signs, symptoms, and treatment of common medical 2.0 Describe indices that are used in dentistry for individual patient assessment and 3.0 Demonstrate an understanding of instrument sharpening including sharpening procedures 4.0 Specify the techniques used in a periodontal charting. 5.0 Explain the use of the ultrasonic/sonic scaler as an adjunct in the dental prophylaxis. 6.0 Prepare a dental hygiene treatment plan. 7.0 Discuss the utilization of topical and local anesthesia for pain control in the dental office. 8.0 Describe the utilization of pain control and nitrous oxide sedation in the dental office. 9.0 Demonstrate an understanding of root hypersensitivity and describe methods of prevention 10.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the dental caries process and methods of caries 11.0 Explain the philosophy of individual worth in providing dental hygiene treatment to meet 12.0 Describe procedures for cleaning removable dental appliances. 13.0 Describe the role of the dental hygienist in public health dentistry. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 2 of 25
MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: Create a chart containing 1) signs and symptoms and 2) emergency procedures that should be implemented for the following emergency conditions: respiratory failure State the uses of the following emergency drugs: epinephrine 1:1000 Diazepam Benadryl naloxone morphine sulfate hydrocortisone sodium succinate 50% dextrose solution atropine sulfate Lidocaine calcium chloride sodium bicarbonate methoxamine Describe the mechanism of action of a drug interaction that involves enzyme induction. Discuss the mechanism of action of interactions between tetracycline and calcium and warfarin and aspirin. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 3 of 25
Recognize four commonly used dental drugs to which salicylate interact and describe the potential results. Name the type of drug with which ibuprofen interacts and describe the potential results. Explain the reaction between two CNS depressants. Describe the interactions between epinephrine and the B-adrenergic blocking agents and between epinephrine and the tricyclic antidepressants. Discuss the reaction that may occur if a diabetic is given epinephrine. 1.10 State the manner in which the dental hygienist can remain alert to possible drug 1.11 Prepare a report for class presentation about an assigned emergency condition. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 4 of 25
SUPPLEMENTARY INSTRUMENTS
Wilkins, Chapter 32, 518-520 Nield and Houseman, 329-340 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 2.2 List the uses of the hoe scaler. 2.3 State the contraindications for use of the hoe scaler. 2.4 Describe the adaptation of the hoe scaler to the tooth and the type of stroke used. 2.5 Explain what is meant by "two point contact" when using the hoe scaler. 2.6 Describe the chisel scaler. 2.7 List the uses of the chisel scaler. 2.8 Describe the adoption of the chisel scaler to the tooth and the type of stroke used. 2.9 Describe the file scaler. 2.10 List the uses of the file scaler. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 5 of 25
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: Describe several calculus, plaque, gingival, and periodontal indices. Explain the (Ramfjord) Periodontal Disease Index Including the Calculus Score and the Dental Plaque Score. State the uses of dental caries indices. Describe the following classifications of patients that will be used in the dental hygiene clinic: Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 6 of 25
INSTRUMENT SHARPENING
Wilkins, Chapter 32, 530-542 Nield and Houseman, 510 - Module 15 Hy-Friedy videotape LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 4.1 List two objectives for instrument sharpening. 4.2 Locate the cutting edge of an instrument. 4.3 Describe two tests for instrument sharpness. 4.4 Explain preparation of the stone prior to sharpening. 4.5 Define "wire edge," and explain how to remove it. 4.6 Describe the following sharpening methods for curettes and sickle scalers: moving flat stone stationary instrument stationary flat stone moving instrument sharpening cone Neivert Whittler mandrel mounted stones 4.7 Describe one method for sharpening an explorer. 4.8 Explain procedures to care for sharpening stones that are used in the clinic. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 7 of 25
PERIODONTAL CHARTING
Wilkins, Chapter 19 & 20, 294-319 Melfi, 151-163, 165-183, 175-193, 185-203, 195-216, 205-225 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: Create a diagram indicating the location of the seven groups of principal fibers of the periodontal ligament. State the source of the blood vessels of the periodontal ligament. List where blood vessels enter the periodontal ligament. Describe the function of the nerves of the periodontal ligament. Compare osteoblasts, osteoclasts, cementoblasts, and cementoclasts. Describe bone as a tissue and as an organ. Compare the percentage of mineral substance to organic substance and water in bone Differentiate between Haversian system bone and lamellar bone. 5.10 Describe the structure of bone that allows nutrients to pass from the blood vessels to the 5.11 Define Volkmann's canals. 5.12 Differentiate between endochondral formation and intramembranous formation. 5.13 State the method of formation of the maxilla and mandible. 5.14 List two stimuli that may cause alveolar bone formation and bone resorption. 5.15 Name the two tissue layers of a mucous membrane. 5.16 Compare the mucous membrane of the oral cavity to other mucous membranes of the Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 8 of 25
5.17 Describe the cellular structure of the epithelial portion of the oral mucosa. 5.18 Explain the function of the irregular contact surface between the epithelial portion and the connective tissue portion of the oral mucosa. 5.19 Name two ways in which the connective tissue of the oral mucosa is connected to 5.20 Describe the functions of the cells of the salivary glands. 5.21 Describe the functions of the cells of the mucous glands. 5.22 Define mucocele. 5.23 Describe the circular fibers of the gingiva. 5.24 Explain the importance of the epithelial lining of the gingival sulcus in the prevention of Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 9 of 25
ULTRASONIC/SONIC SCALING
TOPICS: Indications Contraindications Techniques Wilkins, Chapter 33, 554-563 Nield and Houseman, 415, 446, Module 14 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: State the indications for ultrasonic/sonic scaling. List the contraindications for ultrasonic/sonic scaler use. Explain the mode of action of the ultrasonic magnetostrictive scaler and the sonic scaler. Describe unit preparation for ultrasonic/sonic scaler use. Explain patient preparation for use of the ultrasonic/sonic scaler. Compare the advantages and disadvantages to the ultrasonic/sonic scaler. Explain the need to use curettes after scaling with the ultrasonic/sonic scaler. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 10 of 25
DENTAL HYGIENE TREATMENT PLANNING
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 7.1 List six components of the diagnostic work up that may be utilized to develop the dental 7.2 State four objectives of a dental hygiene treatment plan. 7.3 Differentiate between the dental hygiene treatment plan and the total treatment plan. 7.4 List three factors that will influence the sequence of the dental hygiene treatment plan. 7.5 Describe components of the following parts of a total treatment plan: priority treatment preventive phase preparatory phase treatment phase maintenance phase 7.6 Explain the importance of evaluation of a previously treated area in treatment planning. 7.7 Define informed consent and state how patients indicate informed consent in the dental 7.8 Present a case history of a clinic patient utilizing all available information from the diagnostic 7.9 Prepare a dental hygiene treatment plan using the case history incorporating the dental hygiene skills that have been learned in the clinic. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 11 of 25
UNIT VIII
TOPICAL AND LOCAL ANESTHESIA
Wilkins, 498-510 Requa-Clark and Holroyd, 65-82, 83-96, 145-160 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 8.1 List several factors that influence pain thresholds. 8.2 State the indications for use of a topical anesthetic. 8.3 Describe the action of a topical anesthetic. 8.4 List six drugs commonly contained in topical anesthetics. 8.5 Identify a amide type of topical anesthetic. 8.6 Describe two topical anesthetics used in dentistry. 8.7 List four precautions that must be considered in the use of topical anesthetics. 8.8 Discuss symptoms and causes of an allergic reaction to a topical anesthetic. 8.9 Describe symptoms and causes of an overdose. 8.10 Name procedures that can be taken to reduce the likelihood of allergic or overdose 8.11 Describe the technique for application of a topical anesthetic. 8.12 Discuss the use of topical anesthetics by dental hygienists according to Florida Statute, 8.13 Identify the types of anesthetic syringes. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 12 of 25
8.14 Differentiate the anesthetic solutions, the length of their effectiveness and the types of 8.15 Differentiate the variety of needle sizes by gauge, length and indicate the area where they 8.16 Specify the vasoconstrictor utilized in anesthetic solutions and recognize the medical complications that could arise from their use. 8.17 Indicate the injection sites and the type of injection utilized for a variety of procedures. 8.18 Explain the correct transfer of the anesthetic syringe. 8.19 Describe the correct disposal of the contaminated anesthetic needle. 8.20 List twelve properties of an ideal local anesthetic. 8.21 Describe the chemistry of local anesthetic agents and differentiate between esters and 8.22 Discuss the importance of distinguishing between esters and amides. 8.23 Describe the mechanism of action of local anesthetics. 8.24 Explain how systemic absorption of a local anesthetic is decreased. 8.25 Describe the pharmacological effects of local anesthetics. 8.26 State the minimum safe dose for the most commonly used local anesthetic. 8.27 Name the seven factors which influence toxicity of local anesthetics. 8.28 Describe adverse reactions to local anesthetics which include the CNS and the 8.29 Discuss allergic reactions to local anesthetics, differentiating between amides and esters. 8.30 List five amide local anesthetic agents. 8.31 Name two ester local anesthetic agents. 8.32 Give three reasons why vasoconstrictors are included in local anesthetics. 8.33 Discuss the effect of removing the vasoconstrictor from the anesthetic. 8.34 State the maximum concentration of epinephrine required in dentistry. 8.35 State the maximum safe dose of epinephrine for the healthy patient and the cardiac 8.36 Explain how to determine the dosage of vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agent in a Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 13 of 25
8.37 Discuss the importance of recording concentration of vasoconstrictor, type of local anesthetics and amount of anesthetic given on the patient's chart. 8.38 Differentiate between perception and reaction to pain. 8.39 Compare the site and mechanism of action of nonopioid and opioid analgesics. 8.40 Explain the mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid. 8.41 List the pharmacological effects of acetylsalicylic acid. 8.42 State six adverse reactions to acetylsalicylic acid. 8.43 Describe the symptoms of an overdose of acetylsalicylic acid. 8.44 State the pharmacological effects of NSAIA's. 8.45 Discuss the possible adverse reactions to NSAIA's. 8.46 Recognize contraindications to NSAIA's. 8.47 Discuss the use of NSAIA's in dentistry. 8.48 Name the drug of choice for treatment of dental pain when an NSAIA is indicated. 8.49 Compare the pharmacological effects of acetaminophen and aspirin. 8.50 List the adverse effects of acetaminophen. 8.51 Name the two uses of acetaminophen. 8.52 Discuss the mechanism of action of opioids. 8.53 Describe the pharmacological effects and adverse reactions to opioids. 8.54 List several behaviors that the dental hygienist can be aware of which may indicate opioid 8.55 Describe a true allergic reaction to an opioid. 8.56 Name the most commonly used opiod in dentistry. 8.57 Name the three categories of opioids determined by mechanism of action at the receptor 8.58 Discuss the meaning of "morphine is considered to be the prototype opioid against which 8.59 Describe the use of naloxone in the dental office. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 14 of 25
8.60 Explain why naloxone is combined with pentazocine (Talwin NX). 8.61 Discuss the decrease in use of opioids in the dental office. 8.62 Compare the actions of opioid antagonist, opioid agonist/antagonist, and partial agonists. 8.63 Describe the four major therapeutic uses of opioids. 8.64 Draw the nerves related to dental anesthesia on study models. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 15 of 25
PAIN CONTROL AND NITROUS OXIDE SEDATION
Requa-Clark and Holroyd, 161-178, 179-190 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 9.1 Define sedation, hypnosis, minor tranquilizer, and major tranquilizer. 9.2 List the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines. 9.3 Describe the side effects of benzodiazepines. 9.4 State the dental uses of benzodiazepines. 9.5 State how barbiturates differ from one another. 9.6 Describe the pharmacological effects and adverse reactions of barbiturates. 9.7 List the uses of barbiturates. 9.8 Discuss the use of chloral hydrate in dentistry. 9.9 Explain the difference between nonbarbituate sedative hypnotics and barbiturates. 9.10 State the action of centrally acting muscle relaxants. 9.11 Name a sedative analgesic combination used in dentistry. 9.12 List the precautions that should be considered when using antianxiety agents. 9.13 Recognize five methods of administration of general anesthetics. 9.14 Describe Guedel's four stages of anesthesia. 9.15 List the three goals of surgical anesthetics. 9.16 Explain Flagg's three stages of anesthesia. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 16 of 25
9.17 Discuss the adverse reactions of general anesthesia. 9.18 Describe the physical factors of inhalation anesthetics. 9.19 Differentiate between the patient under general anesthesia and conscious-sedation with 9.20 Describe volatile anesthetics and list three examples of halogenated hydrocarbons. 9.21 Name four agents used as intravenously administered general anesthetics. 9.22 Discuss the use of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation by the dental hygienist according to Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 17 of 25
HYPERSENSITIVE TEETH
Wilkins, Chapter 37, 595-601 Melfi, 113-133 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 10.1 List four factors that contribute to root sensitivity. 10.2 Describe three types of pain stimuli. 10.3 Discuss three theories of pain impulse conduction. 10.4 State the action of desensitizing agents. 10.5 Describe four methods of desensitizing that the patient can perform. 10.6 Describe procedures for desensitizing with a sodium fluoride desensitizing paste. 10.7 Define iontophoresis. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 18 of 25
DENTAL CARIES
Wilkins, Chapter 14, 236-243 Melfi, 85-112, 113-133, 135-150, 151-164 Requa-Clark and Holroyd, 191-200, 201-222 Whitney and Rolfes LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 11.1 Name the steps in the formation of root surface caries. 11.2 List the bacteria implicated in enamel caries and root surface caries. 11.3 Discuss the mechanism of action of fluorides in the prevention of dental caries. 11.4 Describe the reason that some fluoride dentifrices may not be effective in the prevention 11.5 List and describe several types of sweeteners. 11.6 Describe the digestion of carbohydrates. 11.7 State the reason why starch is less cariogenic than sugar. 11.8 Discuss the cariogenicity of soft drinks. 11.9 Explain the relationship of dental caries and phosphate intake. 11.10 List the effects of trace elements (other than fluoride) on 11.11 Describe the disease process of dental caries. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 19 of 25
11.12 Compare the position of the enamel rods on smooth surfaces 11.13 Explain how the position of the enamel rods influences the 11.14 State the arrangement of dentinal tubules in the various 11.15 Discuss the process of dental caries in the dentin. 11.16 List the cells that are found in the pulp. 11.17 Describe the function of histocytes and undifferentiated 11.18 Explain the presence of denticles and diffuse 11.19 Explain the result of the loss of a pulp. 11.20 Define lacuna and canaliculi. 11.21 Discuss the distribution of cementocytes in the cementum. 11.22 Explain the importance of cementoid to orthodontic 11.23 Discuss the application of topical fluorides and sealants according to Florida Statutes, Chapter 466, Rule 21G. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 20 of 25
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
Teaching-learning Communication Noncompliance READING ASSIGNMENTS: Wilkins, Chapters 28, pp.441-453 Chapter 56, pp.
Whitney and Rolfes, 73-79, 112-136, 154-164, 197-210, 216-218, 229-236, Chapters 10-12 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 12.1 Discuss the various types of patients that are seen in a dental office. 12.2 Explain the importance of home care to oral hygiene maintenance. 12.3 Differentiate among simple, conjugated, and derived proteins. 12.4 Explain the dynamic state of the body and the amino acid pool. 12.5 Define nitrogen balance. 12.6 List the essential amino acids. 12.7 Discuss water balance. 12.8 State the functions, recommended daily requirement, and food sources of sodium, 12.9 Discuss the results of excesses and deficiencies of sodium, potassium, and chloride 12.10 State the Ph level of the blood that must be maintained for 12.11 Explain the influence of alkali-producing, acid-producing, Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 21 of 25
12.12 State the water content of the oral mucosa and explain the effects of dehydration and edema on these tissues. 12.13 Discuss how the structure of vitamin B6 differs from the 12.14 Explain why the vitaminlike compounds are not considered to 12.15 Define essential trace mineral. 12.16 Explain why trace mineral supplements are not recommended. 12.17 List the trace minerals for which there are defined human 12.18 State the function of iron. 12.19 Explain the primary causes of iron deficiency or excess. 12.20 State the RDA and food sources for iron. 12.21 Discuss the etiology of iron deficiency anemia and its 12.22 State the function of zinc. 12.23 Give the RDA and food sources for zinc. 12.24 Describe the clinical manifestations of deficiencies and 12.25 List the 1) functions, 2) clinical manifestations of deficiencies and excesses, and 3) food sources for the following: 12.26 Differentiate between primary and secondary nutritional 12.27 Name the components of a nutritional assessment. 12.28 List indications for vitamin supplementation. 12.29 Differentiate between supportive and therapeutic vitamin 12.30 Name the benefits of multivitamin preparations. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 22 of 25
12.31 Compare the dosages of supportive and therapeutic vitamin 12.32 Prepare a personal diet diary for a seven day period. Classify the foods into the food pyramid and compare the actual number of servings with the amounts recommended. 12.33 Describe the Dental Health Diet Score. 12.34 Determine a Dental Health Diet Score from your personal diet or from the nutrition computer program. 12.35 Prepare a personal diet based on your Dental Health Diet Score or nutrition computer program score. 12.36 Discuss the importance of patient involvement in 12.37 Explain the importance of follow up dietary appointments 12.38 Name foods from the food pyramid that may be included 12.39 List foods from the food pyramid that may be included 12.40 Provide dietary counseling for a clinic patient. 12.41 Compare the RDA to the USRDA. 12.42 Identify the behaviors of the dental hygienist that can 12.43 Describe eight principles of the teaching-learning process. 12.44 Explain the ethical issues involved in failure to 12.45 Discuss methods to deal with patient noncompliance or Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 23 of 25
UNIT XIII
CARE OF REMOVABLE APPLIANCES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 13.1 Describe methods of removal of complete maxillary and mandibular dentures and partial dentures with clasps if the patient is unable to remove them. 13.2 Explain denture and removable appliance care during intraoral procedures. 13.3 List four procedures for cleaning removable appliances. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 24 of 25
PUBLIC HEALTH
Scope of public health in Broward County LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this unit, the student should be able to: 14.1 Define public health dentistry. 14.2 Discuss the role of community health centers, the U.S. Public Health Service, and state and local programs in providing oral health care to individuals and groups in the United States. 14.3 Name the services offered by the Broward County Health Department. 14.4 List the dental services offered. 14.5 State the qualifications for treatment by the Broward County Health Department. 14.6 Name the job opportunities for the dental hygienist in Public Health Dentistry. Common Course No: DEH 1802 Page 25 of 25

Source: http://redesign.broward.edu/outlines/DEH1802.pdf