1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE AND OF THE COMPANY Identification of substance: Pynosect Powder Company Identification: Mitchell Cotts Chemicals, P O Box 6, Steanard Lane, Mirfield, West Yorkshire, England, WF14 8QB Tel: +44 (0)1924 493861 (24 hours) 2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Chemical Composition:
Contains 5 g/kg Permethrin (cis:trans/40:60)
Classification: Risk Phrases: 3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
Very toxic to bees, fish and other aquatic life. In some individuals a rev C O P Y
ersible and characteristic skin irritation effect usually associated with the natural pyrethrins may
4. FIRST AID MEASURES Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, keep warm and at rest. Apply artificial respiration (not mouth-to-mouth) if necessary. Obtain immediate medical attention. Skin contact: Flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Obtain medical attention. Eye contact: Flush eye with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Ensure adequate flushing by separating eyelids with fingers. Obtain immediate medical attention. Ingestion: Refer to doctor or nearest hospital. Inform doctor of product involved and show product label. If breathing has stopped apply artificial respiration. Advice to Medical Practitioner: No specific antidote is known. Treat symptomatically. 18030 Page 1 of 6 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Suitable Extinguishing media: Not applicable Special Exposure Hazards: Although not flammable, if Pynosect Powder was involved in a fire situation the evolution of hydrogen chloride and oxides of carbon must be anticipated. Pynosect Powder is highly toxic to aquatic organisms and fire-control water should not be allowed to enter the drainage system or watercourses. Special Protective Equipment: Standard fire-fighting clothing and eye protection must be worn. Positive pressure breathing apparatus should be used in a fire situation. 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal Precautions: Wear suitable protective clothing, goggles and dust mask when dealing with spillage. Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering the drainage system or watercourses. If contamination of drains or watercourses is unavoidable, warn the local water authority immediately. Methods for Cleaning Up: Transfer any product remaining in damaged or leaking containers into a clean, empty drum and label the drum. Sweep up spillage, taking care to avoid raising dust, and shovel into secure, labelled drums for safe disposal in accordance with local regulations. 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE Precautions for Safe Handling: Ensure good ventilation when working with material to reduce, as much as possible, the exposure of workers to the chemical. Avoid contact with skin and do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, goggles and dust mask when handling. Precautions during Storage: Store in original containers, tightly closed and properly labelled. Store in a cool, well ventilated area, out of reach of children, and away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs. Page 2 of 6 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION Exposure Limits/Biological Standards: Not determined. Respiratory protection: Suitable dust mask Hand protection: Synthetic rubber/PVC gloves Eye protection: Safety glasses Skin protection: Coveralls 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance:
Flash Point:
Flammability:
Other data:
e in aqueous and organic solvents. Unstable in strongly acidic and also alkaline
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Stability: Stable under normal conditions. Conditions to avoid: No known conditions that could cause a dangerous reaction. Materials to avoid: Avoid contact with alkalis, as Permethrin, the active ingredient of Pynosect Powder is hydrolysed by alkalis. Hazardous decomposition products: In the event of fire, the evolution of hydrogen chloride and oxides of carbon must be anticipated. Page 3 of 6 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION INFORMATION RELATED TO THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT PERMETHRIN ONLY Toxicological Data: Acute Oral - rat LD50:
The value of LD50 obtained depends on the vehicle used to administer the Permethrin and the husbandry of the test animals.
Acute Oral - rabbit LD50:
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE: Ingestion: Unlikely occupational hazard. Accidental or deliberate ingestion could lead to neurological signs and symptoms such as ataxia, tremors and convulsions. Inhalation: Irritating to respirator Skin contact: Technical Permethrin is a skin irritant, however due to the low concentrations of Permethrin used in this product it is not anticipated to be an irritant to the skin. Eye contact: Irritating to eyes. Chronic effects: Not carcinogenic, not mutagenic and not teratogenic. 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION INFORMATION RELATED TO THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT PERMETHRIN ONLY
Mobility: Studies to investigate the leaching potential of Permethrin and its degradates showed that very little downward movement occurs in soil. Permethrin in the aquatic environment adsorbs to vegetation and hydrosoil. Page 4 of 6 Persistence and degradability: Permethrin degradation in soil has a half-life of 28 days or less. The trans-isomer degrades more rapidly than the cis- isomer, with ester cleavage being the major degradative pathway. Permethrin disappears rapidly from the aqueous environment, in 6-24 hours from ponds and streams and 7 days from pond sediment. In water and on soil surfaces permethrin is photodegraded by sunlight. Ester cleavage and cis-trans interconversion are the major reactions. The degradative processes which occur in the environment lead to less toxic products. Bioaccumulative potential: Bioaccumulation of permethrin in mammals and aquatic organisms is not expected. Ecotoxicity: Permethrin is very toxic to aquatic organisms. Measured 96 hr LC50 in fish ranges from 0.62 - 314 µg/litre on a flow through test and 3.2 - 5.7 µg/litre in a static test. Permethrin has a very low toxicity to mammals and birds. However permethrin is very toxic to bees, with a 24 hr measured topical LD50 of 0.029 µg/bee. 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Disposal of product: Pynosect Powder should be disposed of safely in accordance with local and national legislations. Disposal of packaging: Empty containers should not be re-used for any purpose and should be disposed of in accordance with local regulations. National or regional legisl C O P
Consult your local waste regulatory authority if in any doubt.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION Proper Shipping Name:
Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (contains permethrin).
UN Number: Primary Hazard: Packing Group: Item Number (for ADR): 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
When this product is sold as a registered pesticide, it will carry the approved label for that country and NOT the EC supply label. EC Supply Label: Symbol:
None (not classified as hazardous for supply)
Risk Phrases: Safety Phrases: Other Phrases:
This container must not be re-used for any purpose.
Page 5 of 6 National Legislation: The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations, 1994, amended 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000. The Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail (Classification, Packaging and Labelling) and Use of Transportable Pressure Receptacles Regulations, 1996, amended 1998. The Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Regulations, 1996, amended 1999. European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) and Protocol of Signature, 1999 edition. IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, 2001 IMDG Code, 2000 Edition. Eurotunnel Freight Practical Guide for the Transport of ADR Regulated Goods, 1999 edition 16. OTHER INFORMATION Recommended Uses: Public Health Insecticide for professional use. References: Permethrin, Health and Safety Guide No 33. WHO, Geneva 1989. ISBN 92 4 154 354 X Permethrin, Environmental C O P Y
Health Criteria 94, WHO Geneva 1990. ISBN 92 4 154294 2
Further information: Please contact: Mitchell Cotts Chemicals, P O Box 6, Steanard Lane, Mirfield, West Yorkshire, WF14 8QB, England. Telephone +44 (0)1924 493861. Facsimile +44 (0)1924 490972.
This Material Safety Data Sheet is an update of Issue 01. Changes have been made to sections 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15 and 16.
Page 6 of 6
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF STRESS MANAGEMENT ON EXECUTIVES IN LUCKNOW CITY & NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR UNDERSTANDING STRESS IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT S. Athar Mahmood* & Gaurav Bisaria** Abstract The contingencies of modern life have changed the scenario for people today. New aspects have crept into life styles due to hectic work schedules and pressures. Stress is one such as